MUTCD stands for Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices. It is a document that is put out by the Federal Highway Administration in the United States. The Federal Highway Administration is a department within the United States Department of Transportation.
This document governs what types of signs, surface markings, and signals can be used on public roads throughout the United States. The goal of this document is to make sure there is a set standard throughout the country so that drivers are always aware of what each sign means, which will result in safer roadways for everyone.
While each state within the United States can set things like what the speed limit is, they cannot choose to use signs that do not comply with the MUTCD to display that speed limit. This type of document is important in the USA because there is so much interstate traffic with individuals, truckers, and others traveling across state lines regularly. Without these federal guidelines, the roads would be a much more confusing, and therefore much more dangerous, environment for everyone.
The MUTCD can trace its history back to the early 20th century. When the rural highway system was first developed, the signs and other control devices were chosen by the automobile clubs and private individuals who maintained the roads. These signs were typically chosen to help distinguish the road and encourage people to use the road (because they were often funded by tolls) rather than to optimize safety. In 1927, the American Association of State Highway Officials published the Manual and Specifications for the Manufacture, Display, and Erection of US Standard Road Markers and signs to address this issue. This has since evolved into the MUTCD.
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